The study defines the D-factor as 'the general tendency to maximize one's individual utility - disregarding, accepting, or malevolently provoking disutility for others - accompanied by beliefs that serve as justifications.'
The common factor of these dark traits is known as the D-factor. In a study from the University of Copenhagen, researchers found that certain traits - such as sadism, narcissism, psychopathy, and others - are common in people with a dark personality.
